Gacaca Courts versus the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and National Courts : Lessons to Learn from the Rwandan Justice Approaches to Genocide / Charity Wibabara

Includes bibliographical references and index

Cover; Abstract; Chapter One: General Introduction of the Study; A. Background of the Study; B. Statement of the Problem; C. Objectives of the Study; D. Significance of the Study; E. Methodological Approach; F. Scope of the Study; G. Definitions of Concepts used within the Chapters; Chapter Two: Historical Background to the Internecine Conflict in Rwanda; A. Introduction; B. Pre-Colonial Accounts of Rwandan History; I. Origin of the Twa, Hutu and Tutsi; II. The Relationship between Tutsi and Hutu; C. The Colonial Period; I. The German Colonial Rule II. The Belgian Colonial RuleIII. The Fall of the Tutsi Monarchy; D. Post-Colonial Period; I. The First Republic; II. The Second Republic; E. Formation of the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF); F. The Genocide Period; Chapter Three: The Legacy of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda; A. Introduction; B. Generalities about the Tribunal; I. Genesis of the ICTR; II. Legal Basis of the ICTR; III. Organization of the Tribunal; IV. Relationship between Rwanda and the Tribunal; C. Status of the ICTR Cases; D. Analysis of Important Jurisprudence before the ICTR I. Prosecutor versus AkayesuII. Prosecutor versus Kayishema; III. Prosecutor versus Kambanda; IV. Prosecutor versus Nahimana, Barayagwiza and Ngeze; V. Prosecutor versus Ntagerura, Bagambiki, and Imanishimwe; VI. Prosecutor versus Colonel Bagosora; VII. Prosecutor versus Nyiramasuhuko; E. Achievements of the Tribunal; I. Development of International Criminal Law; II. Accountability for Leaders; III. Creation of a Historical Record; F. Major Shortcomings of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda; I. Delayed Justice; II. Location of the ICTR; III. Limited Impact on Rwanda Chapter Four: Prosecution of Genocide in National CourtsA. Introduction; B. Generalities on Rwanda National Courts; I. Genesis of Genocide Prosecutions; II. Organisation of Ordinary Courts; III. Reparations; C. Status of Case Law within the Ordinary Court System; D. Analysis of the National Court Case Law; I. Prosecutor versus Captain Twagiramungu; II. Prosecution versus Private Gataza; III. Prosecutor versus Corporal Gatorano; IV. Prosecutor versus Major Nyirahazimana and Pasteur Ngirinshuti; V. Prosecutor versus Harelimana et al.; VI. Prosecutor versus Nzirabatinyi VII. Prosecutor versus NzisabiraVIII. Prosecutor versus Pandasi, Bugeri and Nzajyibwami; IX. Prosecutor versus Rurangirwa, Bimenyimana, and Ntawangaheza; X. Prosecutor versus Sibomana; E. Achievements of National Court Trials; F. Major Shortcomings of Domestic Prosecutions; I. Congested Prisons and Insufficient Infrastructure; II. Violation of Fair Trial Rights; 1. The Right to Speedy Trial; 2. The Principle of Presumption of Innocence; 3. The Right to Counsel of One''s Choice; G. Excursus: Prosecution of Genocide Suspects by Third States; I. Extradition Matters